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Related Concept Videos

Determination01:51

Determination

During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...
Gastrulation01:56

Gastrulation

Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata will form...
Morphogenesis02:19

Morphogenesis

Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Using Confocal Analysis of Xenopus laevis to Investigate Modulators of Wnt and Shh Morphogen Gradients
08:10

Using Confocal Analysis of Xenopus laevis to Investigate Modulators of Wnt and Shh Morphogen Gradients

Published on: December 14, 2015

Shaping a morphogen gradient for positional precision.

Feng He1, Timothy E Saunders, Ying Wen

  • 1Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

Biophysical Journal
|August 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Morphogen gradients provide positional information during development. This study shows that the Bicoid (Bcd) gradient

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Tracking Morphogenetic Tissue Deformations in the Early Chick Embryo
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Tracking Morphogenetic Tissue Deformations in the Early Chick Embryo

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Using Confocal Analysis of Xenopus laevis to Investigate Modulators of Wnt and Shh Morphogen Gradients
08:10

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Tracking Morphogenetic Tissue Deformations in the Early Chick Embryo
08:19

Tracking Morphogenetic Tissue Deformations in the Early Chick Embryo

Published on: October 17, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Morphogen gradients are crucial for embryonic development, providing positional cues.
  • The precise profile of a morphogen gradient is hypothesized to influence developmental outcomes.
  • Experimental studies on how gradient profiles affect positional precision are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the impact of morphogen gradient profiles on positional precision.
  • To compare positional precision using the Bicoid (Bcd) gradient in wild-type (wt) and mutant Drosophila embryos.
  • To mathematically dissect sources of fluctuation affecting positional information.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of Bicoid (Bcd) gradient profiles in wt and mutant Drosophila embryos.
  • Mathematical modeling to dissect embryo-to-embryo, internal, and measurement fluctuations.
  • Quantification of Hunchback (Hb) domain boundary variability as a readout of positional precision.

Main Results:

  • Mutant embryos lacking a Bcd cofactor exhibit decreased positional precision and increased Hunchback (Hb) boundary variability.
  • Altered Bcd gradient profiles in mutants show increased flatness toward mid-embryo, correlating with reduced precision.
  • Embryo-to-embryo variations are identified as the primary driver of spatial precision for the Hb boundary, despite internal fluctuations dominating Bcd signal noise.

Conclusions:

  • The wild-type Bicoid (Bcd) gradient profile is essential for precise embryonic patterning.
  • Altered gradient profiles directly impact patterning precision, highlighting the importance of gradient shape.
  • Positional information accuracy relies on both the gradient's intrinsic properties and inter-embryo variability.