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Bone Remodeling

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

Fractures: Bone Repair

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
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Bone Remodeling and Repair

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

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The Bone Matrix

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

The Establishment of a Murine Mandibular Molar Extraction Socket Healing Model

The Establishment of a Murine Mandibular Molar Extraction Socket Healing Model

Published on: January 13, 2023

Ridge bone maintenance in human after extraction.

Priscila Ladeira Casado¹, Maria Eugênia Leite Duarte, Waldimir Carvalho

¹Department of Master Course in Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. priscilalcasado@terra.com.br

Implant Dentistry

|August 5, 2010

Summary

Bovine morphogenetic protein/bovine organic matrix (BOM), with or without an absorbable membrane (AM), effectively preserved alveolar ridge width and promoted new bone formation in human extraction sockets. This indicates potential for future dental implant placement.

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An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

The Establishment of a Murine Mandibular Molar Extraction Socket Healing Model

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Published on: January 13, 2023

An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur

An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur

Published on: October 23, 2017

Area of Science:

Periodontology and Regenerative Medicine
Biomaterials Science
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

Alveolar ridge preservation is crucial after tooth extraction to maintain bone volume for dental implants.
Bovine-derived biomaterials offer potential for bone regeneration due to their osteoconductive properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To clinically and histologically evaluate tissues formed in human alveolar sockets filled with bovine morphogenetic protein/bovine organic matrix (BOM) and absorbable membrane (AM) post-extraction.

Main Methods:

Forty-six human alveolar sockets with buccal bone defects were used. Groups included control (no biomaterial), BOM alone, BOM with AM, and AM alone.
Clinical ridge width was measured before and 4 months after treatment. Histological analysis was performed on 15 specimens.

Main Results:

Control sites showed no significant ridge width augmentation (-0.16 mm).
All treated sites (BOM, BOM/AM, AM) demonstrated significant ridge width augmentation (2.4-3.0 mm) with no resorption.
Histology confirmed active bone formation, including osteoid and osteoblasts, in experimental sockets.

Conclusions:

Bovine morphogenetic protein/bovine organic matrix (BOM), with or without an absorbable membrane (AM), effectively preserves alveolar ridge width.
These biomaterials promote viable bone formation, suitable for future dental implant placement.