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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and reloaded.
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When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
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Fabrication Process of Silicone-based Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
10:32

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Published on: February 1, 2016

Electric-field-induced local layer structure in plasticized PVC actuator.

Hong Xia1, Toshihiro Hirai

  • 1Smart Materials Engineering, Faculty of Textile and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|August 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gels exhibit an electric-field-induced local layer structure, leading to asymmetric deformation. This study reveals how electric fields alter PVC gel properties and behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gels are known for their unique properties, but their response to electric fields is not fully understood.
  • Investigating the molecular mechanisms behind electric-field-induced structural changes in gels is crucial for developing advanced actuator materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of electric-field-induced local layer structure in PVC gels.
  • To correlate these structural changes with gel creeping deformation and asymmetric actuation.

Main Methods:

  • Combined tensile and shear mechanical testing.
  • Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry.
  • In situ Raman spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Electric fields induce a local layer structure and solvent-rich phase migration in PVC gels.
  • The anode-side layer of the PVC gel is softer and exhibits smaller elastic modulus compared to the cathode-side layer.
  • FT-IR spectra show shifts and changes on the gel surface, while Raman spectra intensity decreases from cathode to anode.

Conclusions:

  • The applied electric field induces local layer structures and asymmetric deformation in PVC gels.
  • These findings provide insights into the behavior of PVC gel actuators under electric fields.