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Related Concept Videos

Protein Organization01:13

Protein Organization

Overview
Protein and Protein Structure02:15

Protein and Protein Structure

Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
Protein-protein Interfaces02:04

Protein-protein Interfaces

Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a polypeptide...
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.
Protein Organization01:24

Protein Organization

Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.

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A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction
16:41

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

Published on: November 3, 2011

Predicting protein structures with a multiplayer online game.

Seth Cooper1, Firas Khatib, Adrien Treuille

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Box 352350, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.

Nature
|August 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Online games can solve complex scientific problems. Foldit, a protein structure prediction game, uses human problem-solving and strategy development to find solutions traditional methods struggle with.

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09:51

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Area of Science:

  • Computational biology
  • Biophysics
  • Structural biology

Background:

  • Crowdsourcing scientific problems through games has succeeded for simple tasks.
  • Complex scientific challenges, like protein structure prediction, remain computationally intensive.
  • Locating a protein's native conformation is difficult due to vast search spaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Foldit, a multiplayer online game for non-scientists to solve protein structure prediction problems.
  • To investigate if human-directed computing via games can tackle complex scientific challenges.
  • To explore the potential of integrating human problem-solving with computational algorithms.

Main Methods:

  • Developed Foldit, a multiplayer online game utilizing Rosetta algorithms for protein structure prediction.
  • Engaged non-scientists to interact with protein structures using direct manipulation tools.
  • Enabled players to compete and collaborate to optimize protein energy computations.

Main Results:

  • Top Foldit players demonstrated proficiency in solving difficult protein structure refinement problems.
  • Collaborative gameplay led to the development of novel strategies and algorithms by players.
  • Players explored both conformational and search strategy spaces, outperforming purely computational approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Interactive multiplayer games can effectively integrate human visual problem-solving with computational algorithms.
  • Foldit represents a powerful new approach for addressing computationally-limited scientific problems.
  • Human-directed computing through gaming offers a viable strategy for advancing scientific discovery.