[Pituitary disorders in pregnancy and after delivery]

Pregnancy is associated with a number of changes in endocrine physiology that substantially alter hormone levels and affect a number of disease processes. Consequently, both pregnancy and the postpartum period may influence the course of pre-existing pituitary disorders and lead to the development of those that are found exclusively or almost exclusively during these periods. Overlapping clinical and biochemical features of pregnancy sometimes cause that the diagnosis of pituitary disorders during pregnancy may be missed. Moreover, their clinical picture may range from non-specific symptoms to even life-threatening conditions, and the manifestation of the same pituitary disease often change from one patient to another. If not evaluated and managed appropriately, these disorders may negatively affect both mother and fetus. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the pathophysiology, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of different pituitary disorders during pregnancy and after delivery. The reader is also provided with some practical recommendations on dealing with pregnant and nursing women suffering from these disorders.