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Related Concept Videos

Centrosome Duplication02:25

Centrosome Duplication

The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
Centrosome Duplication02:25

Centrosome Duplication

The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
Centrioles and Centrosomes01:13

Centrioles and Centrosomes

Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
Near the end of the prophase, also called late prophase or "prometaphase,"...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations
07:14

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations

Published on: September 20, 2019

Centrosomes, polyploidy and cancer.

Anette Duensing1, Stefan Duensing

  • 1Molecular Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center, Research Pavilion Suite 1.8, 5117 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennslyvania 15213, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|August 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Cancer cells often exhibit abnormal chromosome numbers (aneuploidy) and extra centrosomes, which are linked to tumor aggressiveness. This study explores how these changes in cell division and centrosome number may drive cancer progression.

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Cell Death Associated with Abnormal Mitosis Observed by Confocal Imaging in Live Cancer Cells
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Cell Death Associated with Abnormal Mitosis Observed by Confocal Imaging in Live Cancer Cells

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Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 15, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations
07:14

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations

Published on: September 20, 2019

Cell Death Associated with Abnormal Mitosis Observed by Confocal Imaging in Live Cancer Cells
15:53

Cell Death Associated with Abnormal Mitosis Observed by Confocal Imaging in Live Cancer Cells

Published on: August 21, 2013

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:54

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 15, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Research
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cancer cells frequently display abnormal ploidy (tetra-, poly-, aneuploidy) and supernumerary centrosomes.
  • Aneuploidy and centrosome aberrations are hallmarks of tumor aggressiveness and correlate with malignant progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss recent findings on centrosome biogenesis.
  • To explore the potential link between ploidy changes, centrosome aberrations, and cancer development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and discussion of existing research findings.
  • Analysis of proposed models for aneuploidy development.
  • Examination of recent results on centrosome biogenesis.

Main Results:

  • A proposed model suggests aneuploidy arises from failed mitoses leading to polyploid cells with extra centrosomes, increasing multipolar spindle formation and chromosome missegregation.
  • Evidence indicates centrosome aberrations can occur in diploid cells.
  • The proliferative potential of polyploid cells remains uncertain, suggesting alternative pathways to chromosomal instability.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative routes to chromosomal instability may exist beyond the proposed model.
  • Understanding the interplay between ploidy, centrosome aberrations, and cancer is crucial for advancing cancer research.