Fluorescence in situ hybridization: applications in cytogenetics and gene mapping

Unique sequences, chromosomal subregions, or entire genomes can be specifically highlighted in metaphase or interphase cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). This technique can be used to identify chromosomes, detect chromosomal abnormalities or determine the chromosomal location of specific sequences. FISH plays an increasingly important role in a variety of research areas, including cytogenetics, prenatal diagnosis, tumor biology, gene amplification and gene mapping.