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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Factors Affecting Illness01:18

Factors Affecting Illness

When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness, disability,...
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Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
Stress and Mental Health01:30

Stress and Mental Health

Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
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Social Anxiety Disorder

Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.

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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

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Published on: June 30, 2014

[Multiple sclerosis: social and economic implications].

April Machado1, Francisco Valente, Mariana Reis

  • 1Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Santo António, Porto.

Acta Medica Portuguesa
|August 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) significantly impacts quality of life and incurs substantial costs for Portugal's National Health System (NHS). This study highlights the need for further research to fully understand the economic burden of MS in the Portuguese population.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Public Health
  • Health Economics

Context:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a leading cause of disability in young adults.
  • Portuguese prevalence is approximately 50 per 100,000 inhabitants.
  • MS affects around 5,000 individuals in Portugal.

Purpose:

  • To determine the social and economic implications of MS in Portugal.
  • To describe patient quality of life and economic difficulties.
  • To assess the National Health System (NHS) expenditure on MS.

Summary:

  • A study of 50 individuals with MS in Portugal utilized MSQoL-54 and socio-economic questionnaires.
  • Results indicated a majority of patients scored above 50 on social implications.
  • Minimum direct costs to the NHS were calculated at €40,843,250.

Impact:

  • The study underscores the significant social and economic burden of MS.
  • Identified direct costs suggest a potential underestimation of the total economic impact.
  • Further research with larger populations is recommended to precisely determine MS's economic impact in Portugal.