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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Bacterial Meningitis01:24

Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Induction of Leptomeningeal Cells Modification Via Intracisternal Injection
05:55

Induction of Leptomeningeal Cells Modification Via Intracisternal Injection

Published on: May 7, 2020

Amoxicillin-induced aseptic meningoencephalitis.

Radi Shahien1, Vetaly Vieksler, Abdalla Bowirrat

  • 1Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Ziv Medical Center, Safed, Israel.

International Journal of General Medicine
|August 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Drug-induced aseptic meningitis (DIAM) is a rare adverse reaction. This case study details a patient experiencing three episodes of DIAM linked to amoxicillin, highlighting diagnostic challenges.

Keywords:
amoxicillindrug induced aseptic meningitismeningoencephalitisviral meningitis

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

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Published on: November 5, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Meningitis is typically infectious but can have noninfectious origins.
  • Drug-induced aseptic meningitis (DIAM) is an uncommon adverse drug reaction.
  • DIAM presents diagnostic and management challenges for clinicians.

Observation:

  • A 77-year-old male presented with recurrent meningitis symptoms including fever, headache, and neck stiffness.
  • These episodes consistently occurred after amoxicillin treatment for dental inflammation.
  • Cultures for viral, bacterial, and mycobacterial agents were repeatedly negative.

Findings:

  • The patient experienced three distinct episodes of aseptic meningitis.
  • All episodes were strongly associated with amoxicillin exposure.
  • Diagnosis of amoxicillin-induced aseptic meningitis was confirmed after ruling out infectious causes.

Implications:

  • Amoxicillin can cause drug-induced aseptic meningitis, a rare idiosyncratic reaction.
  • Clinicians should consider DIAM in patients with recurrent meningitis symptoms and recent drug exposure.
  • This case underscores the importance of thorough drug history in diagnosing meningitis.