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Oculocutaneous anthrax: detection and treatment.

Sarada David¹, Jayanthi Peter, Renu Raju

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Schell eye Hospital, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)

|August 7, 2010

Summary

A patient with suspected cutaneous anthrax, a zoonotic disease, presented with eye symptoms and fever. Diagnosis was confirmed via PCR, highlighting its importance in bioterrorism preparedness.

Keywords:

anthrax polymerase chain reaction treatment

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Infectious Diseases
Public Health

Background:

Anthrax is a serious zoonotic disease primarily affecting herbivores.
It has gained attention as a potential bioterrorism agent.
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for patient outcomes.

Observation:

A patient presented with a 4-day history of eye pain, watering, eyelid swelling, and fever.
Clinical examination revealed brawny nonpitting edema with serosanguinous discharge.
A history of sheep death preceded the patient's illness, suggesting zoonotic transmission.

Findings:

Standard blood and lesion cultures were negative, likely due to prior antibiotic treatment.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of serous fluid confirmed cutaneous anthrax.
Serial photographs documented the lesion's resolution with antibiotic therapy.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering anthrax in patients with relevant exposure history and suggestive symptoms.
PCR testing is a valuable tool for diagnosing cutaneous anthrax, especially when cultures are negative.
Effective antibiotic treatment leads to lesion resolution, emphasizing the need for prompt medical intervention.