Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Andy Golden: Mentorship through the Years.

Journal of developmental biology·2023

Same author

A Twist-Box domain of the C. elegans Twist homolog, HLH-8, plays a complex role in transcriptional regulation.

Genetics·2023

Same author

Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model for Mechanistic Insights of Craniofacial Development.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2021

Same author

Localized TWIST1 and TWIST2 basic domain substitutions cause four distinct human diseases that can be modeled in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Human molecular genetics·2017

Same author

A Transparent Window into Biology: A Primer on Caenorhabditis elegans.

Genetics·2015

Same author

A Transparent window into biology: A primer on Caenorhabditis elegans.

WormBook : the online review of C. elegans biology·2015

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Published on: January 1, 2018

C. elegans twist gene expression in differentiated cell types is controlled by autoregulation through intron

Stephany G Meyers¹, Ann K Corsi

¹Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA.

Developmental Biology

|August 10, 2010

Summary

The C. elegans hlh-8 gene

More Related Videos

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: October 9, 2014

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

Published on: March 29, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Published on: January 1, 2018

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: October 9, 2014

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

Published on: March 29, 2019

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Gene Regulation
Molecular Genetics

Background:

Temporospatial gene regulation is crucial for development.
The hlh-8 gene encodes the C. elegans mesodermal transcription factor CeTwist.
Promoter elements of hlh-8 restrict expression to undifferentiated M lineage cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the regulatory mechanisms controlling hlh-8 expression in differentiated mesodermal cells.
To elucidate the role of intronic elements and CeTwist in hlh-8 autoregulation.

Main Methods:

Analysis of hlh-8 expression in C. elegans mutants and RNAi experiments.
Identification and characterization of E box elements within the hlh-8 first intron.
In vitro binding assays using CeTwist and CeE/DA transcription factors.

Main Results:

Two conserved E box elements in the hlh-8 first intron regulate expression in differentiated mesodermal cells.
These intronic elements are bound by CeTwist and its partner CeE/DA.
hlh-8 expression is dependent on these intronic elements and the hlh-8/hlh-2 genes.

Conclusions:

A model of hlh-8 autoregulation is proposed, involving promoter control in undifferentiated cells and intronic control in differentiated cells.
This mechanism allows a transcription factor to regulate distinct target genes before and after differentiation.
Findings may inform understanding of human Twist gene regulation.