[Congenital retinal macrovessel associated with central serous retinopathy]

Retinal macrovessel is a rare disease. Since the first description in 1869 by Mauthner, fewer than 30 cases have been reported. We report a case of congenital retinal macrovessel in a 28-year-old patient with no pathological history. The patient consulted for functional macular syndrome (decreased visual acuity, central scotoma). In the right eye, the ophthalmologic examination found a visual acuity of ten over ten and serous detachment of the macular area. Examination of the left eye demonstrated the temporal vein crossing the macular area, without hemorrhage or exudates. Fluorescein angiography confirmed the diagnosis of bilateral central serous chorioretinitis with a congenital retinal macrovessel without leakage or arteriovenous anastomosis. Progression was marked by a disappearance of central serous retinopathy and visual recovery to ten over ten. In light of a literature review, we discuss the clinical classification of this disease and its developmental profile. The etiology of congenital retinal macrovessel is unknown. The diagnosis is clinical; its course is characterized by its stability. Its combination with central serous retinopathy is a fortuitous coincidence more than an individualized clinical form.