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[Metabolic control, C peptide and lipids in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]
N M Díaz Gómez1, E Doménech Martínez, I Rodríguez Rodríguez
1EU Enfermería de La Laguna.
Insights
Diabetic children generally have normal cholesterol and triglyceride levels. However, C-peptide levels, crucial for diabetes management, show inverse relationships with disease duration and insulin needs, indicating complex disease progression.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Childhood diabetes management requires understanding metabolic profiles and disease progression.
- Assessing lipid profiles and C-peptide secretion offers insights into diabetes control in pediatric populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate lipid profiles (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides) and C-peptide secretion in diabetic children.
- To identify factors influencing metabolic control and disease progression in pediatric diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Biochemical analysis of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, glycohemoglobin, and plasma glycoproteins.
- Dynamic study of C-peptide secretion in diabetic children.
- Statistical analysis including discriminant and multiple regression analysis.
Main Results:
- Diabetic children exhibited normal levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, unrelated to sex, age, or disease duration.
- C-peptide levels were normal in diabetic children in remission and during the initial 6 months of disease.
- Higher C-peptide levels correlated inversely with disease duration and insulin requirements, with males showing higher levels than females.
- Older age, longer disease duration (especially in females), absence of remission, and poor treatment motivation were associated with higher risk of poor diabetes control.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric diabetes is not consistently associated with dyslipidemia.
- C-peptide dynamics provide valuable information on diabetes progression and metabolic status in children.
- Identifying high-risk patients is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies and improving long-term outcomes.
Abstract:
Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, glycohaemoglobine and plasma glycoprotein levels were measured in 67 diabetic children and 40 nondiabetic ones. A dynamic study on C peptide secretion was also made in 28 diabetic patients. It was checked the fact that diabetic children showed normal whole cholesterol (172.1 +/- 32.1 mg/dl), HDL cholesterol (48.1 +/- 18.8 mg/dl) and triglyceride (58.3 +/- 26.8 mg/dl) levels, demonstrating no relationship with sex, age, length of diabetes, nor with the degree of metabolic control of disease, classified taking into account several clinical and biochemical indicators. C peptide concentration was found to be within normal levels in the whole group of patients under clinical remission phase of diabetes and also in 75% of children during the first 6 months of disease development. C peptide levels were higher in male than female diabetic children, showing an inverse relationship with duration of disease (r = -0.577, p less than 0.001) and with daily insulin requirements (r = -0.532, p less than 0.005). Discriminant analysis and multiple regression analysis results showed that the patients with a higher risk of bad control of diabetes were the older, those with a larger duration of disease, specially female, those with no remission phase of diabetes during clinical course of disease, and those showing bad motivation in relation to treatment.