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Characteristics of inapparent Aleutian disease virus infection in mink
Abstract:
Inapparent of nonprogressive Aleutian disease virus (ADV) infection is a subclinical but persistent virus infection of mink. Mink with the inapparent type of ADV infection when subjected to stress did not develop the progessive form of the disease. However, when challenged with a large dose of the virus, these mink did develop progressive Aleutian disease indicating that they were not highly resistant to the virus. Sera of mink with either the progressive of the inapparent type of ADV infection did not neutralise the virus. The anti-ADV antibody activity in mink with inapparent type of ADV infection was in the IgG fraction of the serum the same as in mink with progressive Aleutian disease. These data indicate that the resistance of the mink with inapparent infection as compared to mink with progressive Aleutian disease was not due to a difference in the class of immunoglobulin response to the virus. However, mink with progressive Aleutian disease showed a greatly increased immunoglobulin response.
Insights
Mink with Aleutian disease virus (ADV) subclinical infections can develop progressive disease when stressed or exposed to high viral doses. Their immune response, primarily IgG, doesn't neutralize the virus, indicating limited resistance.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Immunology
- Animal Pathology
Background:
- Aleutian disease virus (ADV) causes persistent, subclinical infections in mink.
- Inapparent ADV infection does not prevent disease progression under certain conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the immune response in mink with inapparent ADV infection.
- To compare the resistance mechanisms between inapparent and progressive ADV infections.
Main Methods:
- Analyzing serum antibody activity in infected mink.
- Characterizing immunoglobulin classes involved in the immune response.
Main Results:
- Mink with inapparent ADV infection developed progressive disease when stressed or highly challenged.
- Serum from both inapparent and progressive ADV infected mink failed to neutralize the virus.
- Anti-ADV antibody activity was primarily in the IgG fraction for both infection types.
- Progressive ADV infection correlated with a significantly increased immunoglobulin response.
Conclusions:
- Resistance in inapparent ADV infection is not due to a different immunoglobulin class response.
- The IgG response in mink does not confer viral neutralization or complete resistance to ADV.
- Increased immunoglobulin production in progressive ADV infection warrants further investigation.