Addition of infliximab to standard therapy for ANCA-associated vasculitis

Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF) is implicated in the pathogenesis of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). Current immunosuppressive therapy is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Anti-TNF antibody therapy (infliximab) may help control AAV by providing more targeted immunosuppression and allow reductions in the use of corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide, thereby reducing the burden of immunosuppression with its associated morbidity and mortality.

33 patients with active AAV participated in this cohort study. Patients were treated with standard therapy (corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide with additional plasma exchange in the case of life- or organ-threatening disease) or standard therapy + infliximab at weeks 0, 2, 6 and 10. The primary outcome measure was time to remission. Other outcome measures were adverse events, cumulative damage scores and relapse, as well as biomarkers for circulating activated and regulatory T cells. Follow-up was for 12 months.

17 patients received standard therapy alone; 16 patients received additional infliximab. The addition of infliximab to standard therapy did not influence remission rates, adverse events, damage index scores, relapse rates or biomarker levels in this cohort study.

The addition of infliximab to standard therapy did not confer clinical benefit for patients with active AAV.