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Related Concept Videos

Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Development of Stem Cell-derived Antigen-specific Regulatory T Cells Against Autoimmunity
10:10

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Published on: November 8, 2016

Adoptive cell therapy: genetic modification to redirect effector cell specificity.

Richard A Morgan1, Mark E Dudley, Steven A Rosenberg

  • 1Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. rmorgan@mail.nih.gov

Cancer Journal (Sudbury, Mass.)
|August 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetically engineered T cells, using T-cell receptors or chimeric antigen receptors, show promise in treating cancer. These modified immune cells have demonstrated the ability to regress established tumors in human clinical trials.

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

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Non-Viral Engineering of Primary Human T Cells via Homology-Mediated End-Joining Targeted Integration of Large DNA Templates
06:10

Non-Viral Engineering of Primary Human T Cells via Homology-Mediated End-Joining Targeted Integration of Large DNA Templates

Published on: May 9, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Genetic Engineering

Background:

  • Adoptive T-cell transfer is a recognized strategy for tumor regression.
  • Significant advancements in human gene transfer have enabled clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce two primary methods for redirecting effector T-cell specificity.
  • To review the genetic engineering of T cells for cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Engineering primary human T cells to express exogenous T-cell receptors (TCRs).
  • Engineering primary human T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs).
  • Targeting multiple human tumor antigens with engineered T cells.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated feasibility of administering engineered T cells to cancer patients.
  • Observed tumor regression mediated by both TCR- and CAR-engineered T cells in clinical trials.

Conclusions:

  • T-cell receptor and chimeric antigen receptor engineering represent viable approaches for cancer immunotherapy.
  • Engineered T cells hold significant potential for treating established human tumors.