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Related Concept Videos

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Ye's Swing Technique for Small-incision Lenticule Extraction Surgery
04:15

Ye's Swing Technique for Small-incision Lenticule Extraction Surgery

Published on: June 27, 2025

[Femtosecond lenticule extraction (FLEx)].

M Blum1, W Sekundo

  • 1Augenklinik, HELIOS-Klinikum Erfurt GmbH, Nordhäuser Straße 74, 99089, Erfurt, Deutschland. marcus.blum@helios-kliniken.de

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
|August 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Refractive surgery methods like FLEx and SMILE use femtosecond lasers for myopia correction. These procedures involve creating and removing corneal lenticules with minimal side effects observed in early trials.

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Ye's Swing Technique for Small-incision Lenticule Extraction Surgery
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Femtosecond Laser Filaments for Use in Sub-Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Remote Sensing
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Femtosecond Laser Filaments for Use in Sub-Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Remote Sensing

Published on: April 25, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Laser Surgery
  • Refractive Error Correction

Context:

  • The evolution of refractive surgery techniques for myopia and myopic astigmatism.
  • Introduction of femtosecond laser technology in corneal surgery.
  • Development of lenticule extraction procedures.

Purpose:

  • To describe the "all femto" refractive correction methods: femtosecond lenticule extraction (FLEx) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).
  • To detail the surgical procedure utilizing the VisuMax® femtosecond system.
  • To report initial findings and side effects from approximately 1,000 surgical operations.

Summary:

  • Femtosecond lenticule extraction (FLEx) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) are "all femto" refractive surgery techniques.
  • These procedures involve creating and removing an intrastromal corneal lenticule using the VisuMax® femtosecond laser.
  • FLEx involves flap repositioning, while SMILE uses a smaller incision.

Impact:

  • Demonstrates a new minimally invasive approach to correcting myopia and myopic astigmatism.
  • Initial results from 1,000 surgeries indicate a low incidence of side effects.
  • Ongoing expansion of treated eyes aims to further standardize this refractive procedure.