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Related Concept Videos

Case Studies01:22

Case Studies

There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.
Humanistic Psychology01:24

Humanistic Psychology

Humanistic psychology emerged in the mid-20th century as a response to the deterministic and pessimistic nature of behaviorism and psychoanalysis. While behaviorism focused on observable behaviors influenced by the environment and psychoanalysis delved into unconscious motivations, both theories suggested that human actions lacked free will. In contrast, humanistic psychology offers a perspective that emphasizes the innate potential for goodness and growth within every individual.
This approach...
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is called the fundamental attribution...
Statistical Significance01:37

Statistical Significance

Once data is collected from both the experimental and the control groups, a statistical analysis is conducted to find out if there are meaningful differences between the two groups. A statistical analysis determines how likely any difference found is due to chance (and thus not meaningful). In psychology, group differences are considered meaningful, or significant, if the odds that these differences occurred by chance alone are 5 percent or less. Stated another way, if we repeated this...
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are themselves.
Extrasensory Perception01:23

Extrasensory Perception

Extrasensory perception, or ESP, suggests the ability to perceive events beyond the conventional senses of sight, hearing, and touch. Parapsychologists, who research ESP and related psychic phenomena, categorize ESP into three main types: precognition, telepathy, and clairvoyance.
Precognition involves foreseeing future events, such as predicting an accident before it happens. An example of precognition could be someone dreaming about a specific event, like a car crash, which then occurs...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

A Cross-Disciplinary and Multi-Modal Experimental Design for Studying Near-Real-Time Authentic Examination Experiences
08:33

A Cross-Disciplinary and Multi-Modal Experimental Design for Studying Near-Real-Time Authentic Examination Experiences

Published on: September 4, 2019

Research exceptionalism.

James Wilson1, David Hunter

  • 1University College London, UK. james-gs.wilson@ucl.ac.uk

The American Journal of Bioethics : AJOB
|August 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Research regulation is debated, with arguments that it is overregulated. This study suggests current justifications for stringent rules are insufficient, proposing three unique reasons for special ethical oversight in human research.

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A Cross-Disciplinary and Multi-Modal Experimental Design for Studying Near-Real-Time Authentic Examination Experiences
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Published on: September 4, 2019

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies
07:43

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies

Published on: August 4, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Bioethics
  • Research Ethics
  • Regulatory Science

Background:

  • Human subject research faces stricter regulations than other risky activities.
  • Concerns exist regarding potential overregulation of research.
  • Existing justifications for stringent research oversight are questioned.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the rationale behind current human subject research regulations.
  • To determine if research warrants more stringent oversight than other risky activities.
  • To identify unique ethical considerations for research regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of risks in research versus non-research activities.
  • Review of arguments for and against current research regulatory frameworks.
  • Identification and examination of specific ethical principles applicable to research.

Main Results:

  • Current justifications for overregulating research are found to be inadequate when compared to other risky activities.
  • Three key factors suggest research is a special case requiring distinct regulatory consideration.
  • These factors include risk imposition on non-beneficiaries, reliance on public trust, and the complexity of moral decision-making.

Conclusions:

  • Research regulation requires a nuanced approach, distinct from general risk management.
  • The unique nature of research, involving non-beneficiary risk and public trust, necessitates specialized ethical oversight.
  • Ethics committees are well-suited to navigate the complex moral decisions inherent in research regulation.