Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation.
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Nature and Nurture01:10

Nature and Nurture

Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience, such as differences...
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory01:23

Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory

Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
 Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is critical for...
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Identifying Knowledge Gaps in Individuals With Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: A Critical Step in Preventing Adrenal Crisis.

Clinical endocrinology·2025
Same author

A broader outlook is required to stage and classify pituitary neoplasms for patient care.

Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Changing the name of diabetes insipidus: a position statement of The Working Group for Renaming Diabetes Insipidus.

Endocrine journal·2022
Same author

Changing the name of diabetes insipidus: a position statement of The Working Group for Renaming Diabetes Insipidus.

European journal of endocrinology·2022
Same author

Changing the name of diabetes insipidus: a position statement of The Working Group for Renaming Diabetes Insipidus.

Endocrine connections·2022
Same author

Central diabetes insipidus from a patient's perspective: management, psychological co-morbidities, and renaming of the condition: results from an international web-based survey.

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology·2022
Same journal

Chronic hyperinsulinemia accelerates adipose senescence via mitochondrial dysfunction and cGAS-STING signalling.

The Journal of endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5 provides cardioprotection via mitigating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in obese rats.

The Journal of endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Relationship between hypothalamic astrocytes and gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the female plains vizcacha.

The Journal of endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Passive exercise failed to reverse OVX-induced bone microstructural degeneration to the extent achieved by HRT.

The Journal of endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Downregulation of SLC32A1 mediates the PAI-1 pathway in alleviating hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis.

The Journal of endocrinology·2026
Same journal

Triiodothyronine-driven pro-inflammatory responses of dendritic cells are restrained by sphingolipid signaling.

The Journal of endocrinology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Comparative Analysis of Human Growth Hormone in Serum Using SPRi, Nano-SPRi and ELISA Assays
11:17

Comparative Analysis of Human Growth Hormone in Serum Using SPRi, Nano-SPRi and ELISA Assays

Published on: January 7, 2016

Growth hormone and memory.

John A H Wass1, Raghava Reddy

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Old Road, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.

The Journal of Endocrinology
|August 11, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Growth hormone (GH) deficiency can impair spatial memory, but GH supplementation may prevent this. Further research is needed to understand GH

More Related Videos

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
08:08

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory

Published on: June 18, 2014

Orienteering as a Tool for Cognitive Research: An Implementation Guide
07:13

Orienteering as a Tool for Cognitive Research: An Implementation Guide

Published on: November 29, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Comparative Analysis of Human Growth Hormone in Serum Using SPRi, Nano-SPRi and ELISA Assays
11:17

Comparative Analysis of Human Growth Hormone in Serum Using SPRi, Nano-SPRi and ELISA Assays

Published on: January 7, 2016

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
08:08

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory

Published on: June 18, 2014

Orienteering as a Tool for Cognitive Research: An Implementation Guide
07:13

Orienteering as a Tool for Cognitive Research: An Implementation Guide

Published on: November 29, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Growth hormone (GH) replacement is established for physical benefits.
  • The impact of GH on cognitive functions, particularly learning and memory, is less understood.
  • Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) may affect cognitive abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the effects of early-onset GH deficiency on spatial memory.
  • To investigate the potential of GH supplementation in preventing cognitive impairments.
  • To contribute to the understanding of GH's role in learning and memory.

Main Methods:

  • The study by Nieves-Martinez investigated spatial memory in individuals with early-onset GHD.
  • GH supplementation was administered to assess its preventative effects.
  • Cognitive functions were evaluated in relevant study groups.

Main Results:

  • Early-onset GHD was linked to spatial memory deficits in mid-life.
  • GH supplementation demonstrated a preventative effect against these memory impairments.
  • Existing literature suggests GH positively influences cognitive function in rodents and humans.

Conclusions:

  • GH plays a significant role in maintaining cognitive functions, including spatial memory.
  • Early intervention with GH supplementation can mitigate the negative cognitive consequences of GHD.
  • Further research is warranted to define GH's cognitive effects across different age groups and in conjunction with other treatments.