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Related Concept Videos

Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
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Assessing Differences in Sperm Competitive Ability in Drosophila
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A note on mate allocation for dominance handling in genomic selection.

Miguel A Toro1, Luis Varona

  • 1ETS Ingenieros Agrónomos, 28040 Madrid, Spain. miguel.toro@upm.es

Genetics, Selection, Evolution : GSE
|August 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Including dominance effects and optimizing mating allocation in genomic selection significantly boosts genetic response in animal breeding. However, genomic selection efficiency decreases over time, necessitating ongoing data collection and re-evaluation.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Breeding
  • Quantitative Genetics
  • Genomic Selection

Background:

  • Accurate breeding value prediction is crucial for genetic gain in livestock.
  • Non-additive genetic effects, like dominance, can enhance prediction accuracy and mating strategies.
  • Genomic selection offers new opportunities to leverage these effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficiency of incorporating dominance effects into whole-genome evaluation.
  • To assess the impact of optimized mate allocation alongside genomic selection.
  • To quantify the combined benefits for genetic response in simulated animal populations.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated five generations of selection under four distinct strategies.
  • Compared selection based on phenotype (MS), additive genomic model (GSA), and additive-dominance genomic model (GSD).
  • Investigated optimized mating allocation (GSD + MA) using simulated annealing versus random mating.

Main Results:

  • Genomic selection with dominance (GSD) improved expected response by 9-14% over an additive model (GSA).
  • Optimized mating allocation (GSD + MA) provided an additional 6-22% response compared to random mating.
  • Mate selection benefits were most pronounced in the initial generation.

Conclusions:

  • Incorporating dominance effects and mate allocation enhances genomic selection efficiency in animal breeding.
  • Genomic selection effectiveness diminishes over generations, requiring continuous data updates.
  • Phenotypic data collection and model re-evaluation are essential for sustained genetic progress.