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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes01:23

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...
Signs of Puberty01:27

Signs of Puberty

Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
Bone Markings01:26

Bone Markings

Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...

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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
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[A boy with small lumps on his shoulder].

Lizelotte J M T Parren1, J P A Han van Pelt

  • 1Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum, afd. Dermatologie, Maastricht, the Netherlands. ljmt.parren@mumc.nl

Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
|August 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary

A 17-year-old boy was diagnosed with syringocystadenoma papilliferum, a rare skin tumor, presenting as small papules on his shoulder. This case highlights the importance of accurate dermatological diagnosis for benign adnexal neoplasms.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Histopathology

Background:

  • Syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP) is a rare, benign adnexal tumor.
  • These tumors typically arise from apocrine or sebaceous glands.

Observation:

  • A 17-year-old male presented with asymptomatic, small papules.
  • The lesions were located on the right shoulder.

Findings:

  • Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of syringocystadenoma papilliferum.
  • The tumor exhibited characteristic papillary projections into cystic spaces.

Implications:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis of SCAP is crucial for appropriate management.
  • This case underscores the diverse clinical presentations of benign skin neoplasms in adolescents.

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