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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...

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Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice
09:01

Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice

Published on: March 10, 2015

[Drug induced colitis: review article].

Emna Gaïes1, Lobna Ouanes, Sameh Trabelsi

  • 1Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, Centre National de Pharmacovigilance de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia. gaiesemna@yahoo.fr

Therapie
|August 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug-induced colitis, often underestimated, is frequently caused by antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Identifying the responsible medication is crucial for diagnosis and management, especially when other causes are unclear.

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DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat
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Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice
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DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat
09:04

DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat

Published on: February 27, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Internal Medicine

Context:

  • Drug-induced colitis is an underrecognized clinical entity.
  • Commonly implicated agents include antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
  • Diagnosis can be challenging due to variable clinical, endoscopic, and histological presentations.

Purpose:

  • To classify drug-induced colitis based on the primary causative agent.
  • To analyze the clinical symptomatology, pathophysiology, evolution, and complications of various drug-induced colitis types.
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges and the importance of identifying drug responsibility.

Summary:

  • This study categorizes colitis by causative drugs, including antibiotics, NSAIDs, laxatives, vasoconstrictive agents, oestroprogestatives, chemotherapy, and drug-induced microscopic colitis.
  • Pseudomembranous colitis allows for easier drug identification; other forms present with variable timelines and non-specific findings.
  • Microscopic colitis, a distinct entity, can be idiopathic, infectious, or drug-induced, with poorly understood pathophysiology and histology-dependent diagnosis.

Impact:

  • Emphasizes the need for a thorough drug history in patients presenting with colitis.
  • Improves diagnostic accuracy by recognizing the diverse presentations of drug-induced colitis.
  • Guides clinicians in suspecting and investigating potential drug etiologies, especially in unclear cases.