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Related Concept Videos

Positive Regulator Molecules02:39

Positive Regulator Molecules

Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
Positive Regulator Molecules01:45

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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
Inhibition of CDK Activity02:34

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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
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The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
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The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...

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Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay
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Published on: May 3, 2018

Why cyclin Y? A highly conserved cyclin with essential functions.

Dongmei Liu1, Stephen Guest, Russell L Finley

  • 1Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.

Fly
|August 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Cyclin Y protein interacts with Cdk14 to phosphorylate the Wnt pathway receptor LRP6, linking cell cycle regulation to developmental signaling. This conserved mechanism is crucial for metazoan development.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cyclin Y is a highly conserved protein within the cyclin superfamily, known for regulating cell cycle and transcription.
  • Prior to recent studies, the specific functions of Cyclin Y remained largely uncharacterized.
  • Cyclins typically activate cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks); Cyclin Y's partner Cdk14 was recently identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the function of Cyclin Y in cellular processes.
  • To identify the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) partner of Cyclin Y.
  • To investigate the role of the Cyclin Y-Cdk14 complex in Wnt signaling and development.

Main Methods:

  • Yeast two-hybrid assays to identify protein interactions.
  • Analysis of null mutants in Drosophila to assess developmental roles.
  • Cell culture experiments to study protein phosphorylation and signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Cyclin Y interacts with Cdk14 (Eip63E in Drosophila, PFTAIRE1 in vertebrates).
  • Both Cyclin Y and Cdk14 are essential for Drosophila development, with similar mutant phenotypes.
  • The Cyclin Y-Cdk14 complex phosphorylates the Wnt co-receptor Arrow/LRP6 in a ligand-independent manner.
  • Cyclin Y, membrane-tethered via myristoylation, recruits Cdk14 to LRP6.
  • This phosphorylation primes LRP6 for subsequent Wnt-induced signaling, with peak activity during G₂/M phase when Cyclin Y levels are highest.

Conclusions:

  • Cyclin Y and Cdk14 form a functional complex that regulates Wnt signaling.
  • Cyclin Y's interaction with Cdk14 and subsequent LRP6 phosphorylation are critical for canonical Wnt pathway activation.
  • The cell cycle-dependent regulation of Wnt signaling by Cyclin Y may explain its essential roles in diverse developmental stages and its high conservation across metazoans.