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Related Experiment Videos

Evidence for cleft palate as a postfusion phenomenon.

H Kitamura1

  • 1Department of Oral Histology, Kanagawa Dental College, Yokosuka, Japan.

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal : Official Publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association
|April 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Some cleft lip and palate cases may stem from post-fusion rupture, evidenced by epithelial anomalies and specific developmental features in human and mouse models. This suggests a secondary etiology for certain oral clefts.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Craniofacial Anomalies
  • Embryology

Background:

  • Cleft lip and palate are common congenital anomalies.
  • The etiology of clefts is multifactorial, including genetic and environmental factors.
  • The precise timing and mechanism of cleft formation remain areas of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that some cleft lip and palate cases result from rupture after initial fusion.
  • To identify specific morphological and histological evidence supporting a secondary rupture mechanism.

Main Methods:

  • Histological examination of human fetal specimens older than 13 weeks.
  • Analysis of morphological features in cleft lip and palate cases, including epithelial remnants, regenerating epithelium, and specific anatomical variations.

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  • Comparative analysis using cleft mouse models exhibiting specific bands (Simonart bands).

    • Main Results:

    • Epithelial remnants were observed in palatal shelves.
    • Regenerating epithelium was present in palatal clefts of human fetuses.
    • Immature epithelium, severed nasopalatine ducts, and perforation-type clefts were noted.
    • Simonart bands were visible in cleft mouse fetuses.
    • Duplicated incisors and rodent-like cavities were associated with clefts.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings support the theory that some cleft lip and palate result from rupture after fusion.
    • Observed evidence suggests a secondary mechanism of cleft formation in specific cases.
    • Further research into secondary rupture mechanisms can refine understanding of cleft etiology.