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Plasma biotin levels in neonates.

E Livaniou¹, S Mantagos, S Kakabakos

¹Radioimmunochemistry Laboratory, Democritos National Research Center for Physical Sciences, Athens, Greece.

Biology of the Neonate

|January 1, 1991

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Newborns fed breast milk or standard infant formula have normal plasma biotin levels. However, very high biotin formulas lead to extremely elevated levels in the first week of life, suggesting changing biotin metabolism in infants.

Area of Science:

Nutritional Biochemistry
Neonatal Metabolism
Pediatric Nutrition

Background:

Biotin, a vital B vitamin, plays a crucial role in various metabolic processes.
Understanding biotin levels in neonates is essential for assessing nutritional status and metabolic health.
Infant feeding practices, including breast milk and formula composition, can influence nutrient absorption and levels.

Purpose of the Study:

To measure plasma biotin levels in healthy full-term infants during the first three weeks of life.
To investigate the impact of different infant diets (breast milk and various formulas) on plasma biotin concentrations.
To explore the changes in biotin kinetics during early neonatal development.

Main Methods:

Utilized a highly sensitive radioligand assay for accurate plasma biotin measurement.

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Studied a cohort of 47 normal full-term infants.

Monitored plasma biotin levels across the first three weeks of life based on feeding type.

Main Results:

Exclusively breastfed infants and those on a standard biotin formula (11 µg/L) exhibited similar plasma biotin levels in the first and third weeks.
Infants fed a high-biotin formula (300 µg/L) showed markedly elevated plasma biotin in the first week.
A trend of decreasing plasma biotin levels was observed in the second week for infants on the high-biotin formula.

Conclusions:

Plasma biotin levels in neonates are significantly influenced by dietary intake.
The in vivo kinetics of biotin appear to change during the early weeks of life.
Further research is warranted to establish optimal biotin intake and understand its metabolic regulation in infants.