Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Frequent Ambulatory Care Visits Predict Harmful Diagnostic Errors in High-Risk Hospitalized Patients: a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal of general internal medicine·2026
Same author

Using implementation science to encourage Serious Illness Conversations on general medicine inpatient services: An interrupted time series.

Journal of hospital medicine·2024
Same author

Understanding characteristics and trajectories of patients experiencing early death after interhospital transfer.

Journal of hospital medicine·2024
Same author

Identification of Hospitalized Patients Who May Benefit from a Serious Illness Conversation Using the Readmission Risk Score Combined with the Surprise Question.

Joint Commission journal on quality and patient safety·2024
Same author

Investigating racial and ethnic disparities in interhospital transfer within an academic integrated healthcare system: A matched cohort study.

Journal of hospital medicine·2024
Same author

A Mixed Methods Analysis of Standardized Documentation of Serious Illness Conversations Within an Electronic Health Record Module During Hospitalization.

The American journal of hospice & palliative care·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings
06:59

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

Published on: November 9, 2016

Medication errors in paediatric outpatients.

Rainu Kaushal1, Donald A Goldmann, Carol A Keohane

  • 1Department of Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York 10065, USA. rak2007@med.cornell.edu

Quality & Safety in Health Care
|August 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric medication errors are frequent, with half of prescriptions containing errors and one in five posing potential harm. Interventions should focus on prescribing and administration stages to improve patient safety.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings
06:59

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

Published on: November 9, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric pharmacology
  • Patient safety
  • Health outcomes research

Background:

  • Medication errors are prevalent in healthcare settings, with significant consequences.
  • Research on medication errors in adult ambulatory care is growing, but less is known about pediatric ambulatory settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the rates of medication errors in pediatric patients within ambulatory care settings.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study was conducted in six Massachusetts outpatient pediatric offices.
  • Data collection involved duplicate prescription review, parental surveys, and chart reviews.
  • A research nurse categorized medication errors by stage and type.

Main Results:

  • 1205 medication errors with minimal harm (68% of patients) and 464 potentially harmful errors (26% of patients) were identified.
  • The majority of errors (94% minimal harm, 60% potentially harmful) occurred during the prescribing stage.
  • Common errors included inappropriate abbreviations and dosing issues, often caused by illegibility.

Conclusions:

  • Paper prescribing leads to high rates of medication errors, with half of prescriptions affected and one-fifth having potentially harmful errors.
  • Interventions aimed at the ordering and administration stages offer the greatest potential for reducing pediatric medication errors.