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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Enhancing the Development and Growth of Infant Cerebral Palsy Rats Using Selective Spinal Manipulations
05:04

Enhancing the Development and Growth of Infant Cerebral Palsy Rats Using Selective Spinal Manipulations

Published on: February 2, 2024

Growth in cerebral palsy.

Morag J Andrew1, Peter B Sullivan

  • 1University of Oxford Department of Paediatrics, UK. morag.andrew@paediatrics.ox.ac.uk

Nutrition in Clinical Practice : Official Publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|August 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Children with cerebral palsy often face growth and nutrition issues, especially those with severe motor impairments. Careful evaluation and intervention are crucial for better health outcomes and participation.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric neurology
  • Clinical nutrition
  • Growth and development

Background:

  • Cerebral palsy (CP) frequently presents with growth and nutritional abnormalities.
  • Children with severe motor impairments in CP are at the highest risk.
  • Suboptimal growth is influenced by a complex interplay of nutritional, neurological, and endocrine factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical need for careful evaluation and intervention regarding growth and nutrition in children with cerebral palsy.
  • To underscore the challenges in managing growth due to a lack of normative data and complex contributing factors.
  • To emphasize the importance of avoiding overfeeding to prevent increased fat mass and associated morbidity.

Main Methods:

  • This abstract synthesizes current understanding of growth and nutrition in cerebral palsy.

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  • It reviews the contributing factors to suboptimal growth, including neurological and endocrine influences.
  • It discusses the management difficulties arising from data scarcity and multifactorial influences.
  • Main Results:

    • Poor growth and nutrition are linked to adverse general health outcomes and reduced participation in children with CP.
    • The interaction between nutrition and non-nutrition factors complicates growth management.
    • Overfeeding poses a risk, potentially increasing fat mass and related health issues.

    Conclusions:

    • Growth and nutritional status require diligent assessment and management in children with cerebral palsy.
    • Addressing these issues is vital for improving overall health and functional participation.
    • Preventing overfeeding is a key consideration in managing body composition and associated risks.