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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Published on: February 24, 2023

Trends in cancer immunotherapy.

Joseph F Murphy¹

¹Department of Surgery, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Adelaide and Meath incorporating the National Children's Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland.

Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology

|August 13, 2010

Summary

Cancer immunotherapy harnesses the immune system to fight malignancy, building on a long history of using immunotherapy for infectious diseases. The challenge lies in overcoming tumor interference to effectively boost anti-tumor responses.

Keywords:

Cancer antibodies clinical trials cytokines immunotherapy peptides vaccines

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Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

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Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Published on: March 7, 2025

Area of Science:

Immunology
Oncology
Vaccinology

Background:

Immunotherapy, including vaccines, has a long history of success in preventing and treating infectious diseases since Edward Jenner's work in 1796.
Cancer immunotherapy leverages the immune system's ability to recognize and eliminate tumor cells, a capability often hindered by the tumor microenvironment.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the application of immunotherapy in oncology.
To understand the challenges and strategies in developing effective cancer immunotherapies.

Main Methods:

Review of historical and current applications of immunotherapy.
Analysis of tumor-induced immune suppression mechanisms.
Discussion of strategies to augment anti-tumor immune responses.

Main Results:

Immunotherapy has evolved from infectious disease prevention to cancer treatment.
Tumors possess mechanisms to evade or suppress immune detection and response.
Advances in immunology provide new strategies for enhancing anti-tumor immunity.

Conclusions:

Cancer immunotherapy holds significant promise for malignancy treatment.
Overcoming tumor-induced immune suppression is crucial for therapeutic success.
Continued research in cellular and molecular immunology is key to developing safe and effective cancer immunotherapies.