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Related Concept Videos

Selectins01:25

Selectins

Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase01:26

Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase

The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

Tunable leuko-polymersomes that adhere specifically to inflammatory markers.

Gregory P Robbins1, Randi L Saunders, Jered B Haun

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|August 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed synthetic cell-like polymersomes that mimic white blood cell adhesion. These "leuko-polymersomes" effectively target inflammatory sites, showing promise for advanced drug delivery and diagnostics.

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A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation
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A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation

Published on: December 9, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation
12:55

A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation

Published on: December 9, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Polymersomes are synthetic cell mimetics offering tunable platforms for theranostics.
  • Leukocyte adhesion is crucial for targeting inflammatory sites, involving selectin and integrin pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate leuko-polymersomes mimicking leukocyte adhesion for targeted delivery to inflammatory sites.
  • To investigate the role of specific ligand densities and synergistic binding in adhesion

Main Methods:

  • Functionalizing polymersomes with sialyl Lewis X (selectin ligand mimic) and anti-ICAM-1 antibody (integrin pathway mimic).
  • Assessing adhesion under flow conditions to surfaces mimicking inflamed endothelium.
  • Evaluating adhesion rates and selectivity at physiological shear rates.

Main Results:

  • Polymersomes functionalized with both sialyl Lewis X and anti-ICAM-1 demonstrated avid and selective binding to P-selectin and ICAM-1 coated surfaces.
  • Maximal adhesion was observed at intermediate densities of both ligands, indicating synergistic effects.
  • Leuko-polymersomes adhered 7.5 times more effectively to inflamed endothelium compared to uninflamed endothelium under physiological flow.

Conclusions:

  • Mimicking leukocyte adhesion requires contributions from both selectin and integrin pathways.
  • Leuko-polymersomes represent a promising platform for targeted drug delivery to inflammatory conditions.
  • Optimized ligand presentation on polymersomes enhances binding avidity and selectivity for inflamed tissues.