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Related Concept Videos

Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...
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Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
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Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
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Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Migraine.

Stephen D Silberstein1

  • 1Jefferson Headache Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 111 South 11th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

Discovery Medicine
|August 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Migraine is a common neurological disorder causing disabling headaches. Diagnosis relies on specific symptoms and International Headache Society criteria, impacting millions globally.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Headache Medicine

Background:

  • Migraine is a prevalent primary episodic headache disorder.
  • It presents with neurological, gastrointestinal, and autonomic symptoms.
  • The World Health Organization identifies migraine as a leading cause of disability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the characteristics and diagnosis of migraine.
  • To highlight the prevalence and impact of migraine headaches.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis is based on headache characteristics and associated symptoms.
  • Utilizes the International Headache Society (IHS) diagnostic criteria.
  • Includes definitions for seven migraine subtypes.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 28 million Americans experience severe, disabling migraine headaches.

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Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache
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Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Published on: July 29, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache
05:40

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Published on: July 29, 2021

  • 17.6% of women and 6% of men reported a migraine attack in the past year.
  • Migraine is ranked among the most disabling illnesses worldwide.

    • Conclusions:

    • Migraine diagnosis relies on clinical presentation and established criteria.
    • The disorder significantly affects a large portion of the population.
    • Migraine's disabling nature underscores its public health importance.