Imaging and radiometric properties of microlens arrays

The imaging and radiometric properties of erect lens arrays made up of small biconvex microlenses are derived from a ray analysis. The lens arrays provide erect, unit magnification images. The relationship between the radii of curvature, the lens thickness, and the one-to-one conjugate distance is derived for both the single-layer case and a double-layer structure, which contains field lenses. Radiometric properties of the microlens and the array are derived for both structures. The results are compared to experimentally measured values obtained from arrays fabricated by a photothermal process.