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Related Experiment Video

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Investigating Cardiac Metabolism in the Isolated Perfused Mouse Heart with Hyperpolarized [1-13C]Pyruvate and 13C/31P NMR Spectroscopy

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PPARs, Cardiovascular Metabolism, and Function: Near- or Far-from-Equilibrium Pathways.

Yves Lecarpentier¹, Victor Claes, Jean-Louis Hébert

¹Service de Physiologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.

|August 14, 2010

Summary

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) regulate metabolism and cardiovascular functions. This review explores their role in thermodynamic processes, circadian rhythms, and diseases like arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.

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Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Physiology
Metabolic Regulation
Systems Biology

Background:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are crucial nuclear receptors involved in metabolic regulation and gene expression.
PPARs (alpha, beta/delta, and gamma) influence cardiovascular system homeostasis, circadian rhythms, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
Their thermodynamic roles, particularly in processes near or far from equilibrium, are increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the multifaceted roles of PPARs in metabolic and thermodynamic processes within the cardiovascular system.
To highlight novel functions of PPARs in genetic heart diseases, such as arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.
To explore the involvement of PPARs in cellular oscillatory mechanisms and their link to pathological conditions.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on PPARs' thermodynamic and regulatory functions.
Analysis of PPARs' involvement in cellular oscillations and pathways (e.g., Wnt-b-catenin, glycolysis).
Examination of the link between PPAR dysfunction, clock genes, and cardiovascular diseases.

Main Results:

PPARs significantly impact thermodynamic processes, both near and far from equilibrium.
A connection is established between genetic desmosomal abnormalities, PPARgamma overexpression, and right ventricular fat deposition in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.
PPARs are implicated in oscillatory processes like circadian rhythms and metabolic pathways, with dysfunction linked to severe health outcomes.

Conclusions:

PPARs are central regulators of cardiovascular metabolism, circadian rhythms, and cellular thermodynamics.
Dysfunctional PPARs and clock genes contribute to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and life-threatening cardiac events.
Understanding PPARs' role in far-from-equilibrium systems offers insights into cardiovascular pathologies like hypertension and heart failure.