TGF-beta and wound healing

Wound healing comprises an ordered sequence of events including cell migration and proliferation, synthesis of extracellular matrix, angiogenesis and remodelling. TGF-beta regulates many of these processes. Animal models are used to study healing of simple linear incision wounds and deeper dermal wounds under normal and impaired conditions. TGF-beta increases the rate of healing and the breaking strength of the repaired tissue. It also enhances angiogenesis and consequent blood flow to dermal wounds, partly by stimulating the local release of other growth factors. TGF-beta reverses the adverse affects of glucocorticoids on wound healing and thus may be useful in the treatment of chronic ulcers or wounds in patients whose normal responses have been impaired by therapy with steroids, radiation or other drugs.