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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Evaluating Therapeutic and Chemical Toxicity Using Organ-Cultured Porcine Corneas and Epithelial Wound Healing
03:57

Evaluating Therapeutic and Chemical Toxicity Using Organ-Cultured Porcine Corneas and Epithelial Wound Healing

Published on: January 10, 2025

Acetaminophen plus codeine compared to ketorolac in polytrauma patients.

F Franceschi1, F Buccelletti, D Marsiliani

  • 1Emergency Department, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy. francesco.franceschi@rm.unicatt.it

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|August 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Acetaminophen plus codeine effectively manages pain in polytrauma patients, offering a safe alternative to NSAIDs, particularly for those at high risk of bleeding.

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Evaluating Therapeutic and Chemical Toxicity Using Organ-Cultured Porcine Corneas and Epithelial Wound Healing
03:57

Evaluating Therapeutic and Chemical Toxicity Using Organ-Cultured Porcine Corneas and Epithelial Wound Healing

Published on: January 10, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Trauma Care
  • Pain Management
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Effective pain management is crucial for polytrauma patients.
  • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used but carry a risk of hemorrhage.
  • Opioids combined with acetaminophen present a potential alternative to NSAIDs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of acetaminophen plus codeine versus ketorolac in managing pain in polytrauma patients.
  • To evaluate pain intensity reduction over 24 hours using a visual analog scale (VAS).

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 60 polytrauma patients.
  • Group A received acetaminophen (1000 mg) plus codeine (60 mg) every 8 hours.
  • Group B received ketorolac (10 mg) every 6 hours for 24 hours.

Main Results:

  • Both treatment groups showed a significant reduction in pain intensity over 24 hours.
  • No statistically significant difference in pain scores was observed between the acetaminophen-codeine group and the ketorolac group at any time point (T0, T2, T12, T24).

Conclusions:

  • Acetaminophen plus codeine is an effective option for pain control in polytrauma patients.
  • This combination therapy serves as a viable alternative to NSAIDs, especially in patients with bleeding or high hemorrhagic risk.