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Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp
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Published on: February 3, 2014

Intraglottal pressures in a three-dimensional model with a non-rectangular glottal shape.

Ronald C Scherer1, Saeed Torkaman, Bogdan R Kucinschi

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Bowling Green State University, 200 Health Center, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, USA. ronalds@bgnet.bgsu.edu

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|August 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study modeled the larynx (M6) to analyze airflow dynamics. Three-dimensional vocal fold geometry revealed significant secondary velocities and small pressure gradients within the glottis.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustic and Biomedical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Laryngeal Physiology

Background:

  • Understanding airflow dynamics within the larynx is crucial for diagnosing and treating voice disorders.
  • Previous models often simplified glottal geometry, potentially limiting the accuracy of airflow simulations.
  • The M6 model provides a more realistic representation of the vocal folds' complex three-dimensional structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of different glottal angles (convergent, uniform, divergent) on airflow patterns within a realistic 3D laryngeal model.
  • To quantify pressure distributions and secondary velocities within the glottis under varying geometric conditions.
  • To compare physical model data with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a symmetric, three-dimensional physical model of the larynx (M6) with sinusoidal vocal fold surfaces.
  • Incorporated 14 pressure taps along the vocal fold surfaces at various anterior-posterior and coronal locations.
  • Employed FLUENT computational software to simulate and augment experimental data for convergent, uniform, and divergent glottal angles (10°, 0°, -10°).

Main Results:

  • Pressure distributions near the glottal entrance showed variations: 4% lower in the middle for the convergent case and 2% lower for the divergent case compared to the uniform case.
  • Significant secondary velocities (up to 10% of axial velocities) were observed towards the glottal center from anterior commissure and vocal process regions.
  • The three-dimensional nature of the model resulted in relatively small anterior-posterior pressure gradients and notable secondary velocities.

Conclusions:

  • The three-dimensional geometry of the larynx significantly influences intraglottal airflow dynamics.
  • Secondary velocities play a crucial role in the complex flow patterns within the glottis.
  • CFD simulations, augmented by physical model data, provide valuable insights into laryngeal airflow for improved understanding of phonation and voice disorders.