Prepeptide sequence of cinnamycin (Ro 09-0198): the first structural gene of a duramycin-type lantibiotic

The tetracyclic polypeptide antibiotic cinnamycin (Ro 90-0198) belongs to the duramycin-type lantibiotics and contains the unusual amino acids threo-3-methyl-lanthionine, meso-lanthionine, lysinoalanine and 3-hydroxyaspartic acid. Its structural gene, referred to as cinA, has been identified on isolated chromosomal DNA of the Ro 09-0198-producing strain Streptoverticillium griseoverticillatum via a 39-residue oligonucleotide probe derived from fragment 7-19 of the hypothetical prolantibiotic sequence CRQSCSFGPFTFVCDGNTK. This propeptide part was then found within an open reading frame of 77 amino acids. In contrast to the nisin-type prelantibiotics, this first duramycin-type prelantibiotic has an unusually long leader sequence of 58 amino acids. it also differs in the processing site and the direction of the formation of the threo-3-methyl-lanthionine bridges is from N-terminal cysteine to C-terminal dehydrated threonine residues, whereas the meso-lanthionine and lysinoalanine bridges are formed by addition reactions from C-terminal cysteine or lysine to N-terminal dehyrated serine residues.