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Analyzing diffusion tensor images with ghosting artifacts: the effects of direct and indirect normalization.

Shan Shen1, Annette Sterr

  • 1Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, University of Reading, RG6 6AL Reading, UK. shan.shen@reading.ac.uk

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
|August 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Indirect normalization is better for analyzing fractional anisotropy (FA) maps from diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) with ghosting artifacts. This method reduces artifact influence and improves group comparison sensitivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is crucial for analyzing brain microstructure.
  • Fractional anisotropy (FA) maps derived from DWI are sensitive to artifacts like ghosting.
  • Normalization methods are used to standardize FA maps for group comparisons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate direct versus indirect normalization for FA map analysis in the presence of ghosting artifacts.
  • To determine which normalization strategy is more robust to DWI ghosting.

Main Methods:

  • Acquisition of diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) with induced ghosting artifacts.
  • Generation of fractional anisotropy (FA) maps using both direct and indirect normalization techniques.
  • Voxel-wise statistical comparison of FA maps between normalization methods and groups.

Main Results:

  • Direct normalization resulted in generally higher FA values compared to indirect normalization.
  • Discrepancies between direct and indirect normalization were exacerbated by ghosting artifacts.
  • Indirect normalization effectively mitigated the impact of ghosting artifacts on FA maps.
  • Indirect normalization enhanced sensitivity for detecting group differences in anisotropy.

Conclusions:

  • Indirect normalization is a more suitable method for analyzing FA maps from ghosting-artifact-contaminated DWIs.
  • This approach improves the reliability of group comparisons in neuroimaging studies with artifactual data.