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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Effects of Exposure of Formaldehyde to a Rat Model of Atopic Dermatitis Induced by Neonatal Capsaicin Treatment
Published on: September 27, 2017
Therapeutic Implications of a Barrier-based Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis
1Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Abstract:
In this review, I first provide relevant background information about normal epidermal barrier structure and function. I then update recent information about how inherited defects in either filaggrin and/or in the serine protease inhibitor, lymphoepithelial Kazal-type inhibitor 1, converge to stimulate the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). Next I explain the multiple mechanisms whereby a primary barrier abnormality in AD can lead to inflammation. Furthermore, I explore how certain acquired stressors, such as a reduced external humidity, high pH soaps/surfactants, psychological stress, as well as secondary Staphylococcus aureus infections initiate or further aggravate AD. Finally, and most importantly, I compare various therapeutic paradigms for AD, highlighting the risks and benefits of glucocorticoids and immunomodulators vs. corrective, lipid replacement therapy.
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