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Establishment and Evaluation of a Sheep Model of Full-thickness Osteochondral Defect

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Maturation state-dependent alterations in meniscus integration: implications for scaffold design and tissue

Lara C Ionescu¹, Gregory C Lee, Grant H Garcia

¹McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.

Tissue Engineering. Part A

|August 18, 2010

Summary

As knee meniscus tissue matures, its natural healing ability declines due to changes in tissue composition. Growth factors like TGF-β3 can enhance healing in adult meniscus, aiding tissue engineering.

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

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Published on: April 14, 2026

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Destabilization of the Medial Meniscus and Cartilage Scratch Murine Model of Accelerated Osteoarthritis

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Orthopedic Research
Developmental Biology

Background:

The knee meniscus is vital for joint stability and load distribution.
Meniscus tears are common, with limited natural healing capacity.
Fibrocartilaginous tissues show regenerative potential in immature subjects.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the age-related changes in bovine meniscus properties and in vitro repair capacity.
To assess the impact of maturation on meniscus healing potential.
To evaluate the efficacy of transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β3) and engineered scaffolds in promoting meniscus integration.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of fetal, juvenile, and adult bovine meniscus.
In vitro assessment of cell behavior (migration, proliferation).
Histological and mechanical evaluation of tissue repair and cellular infiltration into nanofibrous scaffolds.

Main Results:

Significant changes in proteoglycan, collagen, and DNA density/distribution with age.
Decreased in vitro healing capacity in adult meniscus compared to fetal and juvenile.
Enhanced integration of adult meniscus with TGF-β3; improved scaffold integration observed.

Conclusions:

Maturation-induced changes for load-bearing compromise endogenous healing potential in adult meniscus.
Age-related decline in meniscus repair capacity is a critical factor for tissue engineering.
TGF-β3 and novel scaffold designs show promise for improving meniscus regeneration.