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Primary headaches in childhood--a population-based study.
Marco A Arruda1, Vincenzo Guidetti, Federica Galli
1Glia Institute, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. arruda@institutoglia.com.br
Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache
|August 18, 2010
Summary
Primary headaches, including migraine and tension-type headache, are common in pre-adolescent children. Probable diagnoses occurred more frequently than confirmed diagnoses, with elevated medical consultation rates observed.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Neurology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Primary headaches are a significant health concern in children.
- Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of headaches in pre-adolescents is crucial for early diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the prevalence of primary headaches in pre-adolescent children (aged 5-12 years).
- To determine headache frequency and treatment patterns in this pediatric population.
- To classify headache types using the International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 1994 pre-adolescent children (aged 5-12 years).
- Parents were interviewed by a pediatric headache specialist using a standardized questionnaire.
- Headaches were classified according to the Second Edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, with mutually-exclusive diagnoses.
Main Results:
- The overall prevalence of migraine was 3.76%, with probable migraine occurring at a significantly higher rate (17.1%).
- Chronic migraine (CM) affected 0.8% of children. Episodic tension-type headache (ETTH) prevalence was 2.3% (infrequent) and 1.6% (frequent), with probable TTH at 13.5%.
- A high proportion of children with migraine, especially CM (93.7%), had consulted a medical doctor.
Conclusions:
- Primary headaches are highly prevalent in young children.
- Probable headache diagnoses are more common than definitive diagnoses in this age group.
- Elevated consultation rates suggest significant impact and awareness of headache conditions among parents and children.
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