Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Corrigendum to: "A TLR2/S100A9/CXCL-2 signaling network is necessary for neutrophil recruitment in acute and chronic liver injury in the mouse" [J Hepatol (2014) 60: 782-91].

Journal of hepatology·2026
Same author

Autoreactivity vs autoimmunity: characteristics of autoantigen-specific CD4 T-cells in rheumatoid arthritis and health.

Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)·2026
Same author

Systemic immune dysregulation in patients experiencing urogynaecological mesh failure.

BJUI compass·2026
Same author

Chasing the target: reports from the Advances in Targeted Therapies meeting, 2025.

Annals of the rheumatic diseases·2026
Same author

PEPITEM Regulates the Synovial Microenvironment During Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Arthritis to Limit Disease.

Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)·2026
Same author

Anti-CD52 therapy of rheumatic diseases: Revisited in the era of immune reset.

Autoimmunity reviews·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

Low-strength T-cell activation promotes Th17 responses.

Harriet A Purvis1, Jeroen N Stoop, Jelena Mann

  • 1Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.

Blood
|August 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

T-cell stimulation strength dictates the development of interleukin-17 (IL-17) producing cells. Low-strength stimulation promotes Th17 responses, while high-strength stimulation impairs IL-17 production, suggesting calcium signaling is key.

More Related Videos

In Vitro Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells into Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Mouse
07:46

In Vitro Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells into Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Mouse

Published on: October 25, 2024

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
07:12

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Published on: April 16, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

In Vitro Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells into Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Mouse
07:46

In Vitro Differentiation of Naive CD4+ T Cells into Pathogenic Th17 Cells in Mouse

Published on: October 25, 2024

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
07:12

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Published on: April 16, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Interleukin-17 (IL-17) producing T helper cells (Th17) are crucial for immune responses.
  • The precise factors regulating Th17 differentiation remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of T-cell stimulation strength in human CD4(+) T cell differentiation into IL-17 producers.

Main Methods:

  • Human CD4(+) T cells were stimulated with varying strengths (high-THi, low-TLo) using anti-CD3/CD28 beads or antigen-presenting cells.
  • Pro-Th17 cytokines (IL-1β, TGF-β, IL-23) were present during stimulation.
  • Gene expression (Foxp3), protein levels (TGF-β-LAP), and transcription factor activity (NFAT) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Low-strength T-cell stimulation (TLo) significantly enhanced Th17 cell proportion and numbers compared to high-strength (THi) stimulation.
  • Low TCR signaling, in conjunction with CD28, promoted Th17 differentiation.
  • High Ca(2+) signaling, induced by ionophore, reversed the pro-Th17 effect under TLo conditions.
  • NFAT binding to the IL-17 promoter was observed only in TLo cells.

Conclusions:

  • T-cell stimulation strength is a critical regulator of Th17 cell development.
  • Low-strength activation favors Th17 differentiation, potentially mediated by specific calcium signaling pathways.
  • These findings have implications for understanding T-cell-mediated immunity and developing targeted therapies.