Highly efficient three-level blazed grating in the resonance domain
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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
Published on: August 5, 2013
Maria Oliva1, Dirk Michaelis, Tino Benkenstein
1Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 7, 07745 Jena, Germany. maria.oliva@iof.fraunhofer.de
Abstract:
We designed, fabricated, and characterized three-level transmission gratings in the resonance domain with reduced shadowing losses based on a three-wave interference mechanism. A new technological approach allows for fabrication of homogeneous and large area multilevel gratings without spurious artifacts. To our knowledge, the measured efficiency of 86% exhibits the largest value yet reported for a multilevel transmission grating in the resonance domain close to normal incidence.

