Spherical particle sizing by optical correlation using ternary phase-amplitude filters

Applied Optics
|August 20, 2010
PubMed

Related Concept Videos

Spherical Coordinates01:23

Spherical Coordinates

Spherical coordinate systems are preferred over Cartesian, polar, or cylindrical coordinates for systems with spherical symmetry. For example, to describe the surface of a sphere, Cartesian coordinates require all three coordinates. On the other hand, the spherical coordinate system requires only one parameter: the sphere's radius. As a result, the complicated mathematical calculations become simple. Spherical coordinates are used in science and engineering applications like electric and...
Triple Integrals in Spherical Coordinates01:27

Triple Integrals in Spherical Coordinates

Triple integrals in spherical coordinates provide an efficient method for evaluating volumes over regions with central symmetry, such as spheres. Instead of describing points by rectangular coordinates, spherical coordinates use three variables: 饾湆, 饾渻, and 饾湋. Here, 饾湆 is the distance from the origin, 饾渻 is the angle in the xy-plane measured from the positive x-axis, and 饾湋 is the angle measured downward from the positive z-axis.To derive the volume of a sphere, the solid region can be divided...
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
Spherical and Cylindrical Capacitor01:26

Spherical and Cylindrical Capacitor

A spherical capacitor consists of two concentric conducting spherical shells of radii R1 (inner shell) and R2 (outer shell). The shells have equal and opposite charges of +Q and 鈭扱, respectively. For an isolated conducting spherical capacitor, the radius of the outer shell can be considered to be infinite.
Conventionally, considering the symmetry, the electric field between the concentric shells of a spherical capacitor is directed radially outward. The magnitude of the field, calculated by...