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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...
Gastric Emptying01:16

Gastric Emptying

Gastric emptying occurs when the stomach gradually releases chyme into the duodenum. When the stomach is distended, it triggers the release of gastrin, a hormone that promotes gastric acid secretion to aid in digestion. Additionally, stomach distension contributes to peristaltic waves that propel gastric contents toward the pyloric region. The gastroenteric reflex, on the other hand, primarily stimulates peristalsis in the intestines, facilitating the movement of contents further along the...
Hormones Secreted by the Stomach01:25

Hormones Secreted by the Stomach

Enteroendocrine cells, accounting for only 1% of stomach epithelial cells, play a significant role in digestion and are classified by their digestive hormone secretions.
Each of these hormones secreted by different enteroendocrine cells plays a unique role in digestion. Here are a few examples:
Hormonal Regulation01:40

Hormonal Regulation

Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood
11:36

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood

Published on: April 28, 2016

Rikkunshito and ghrelin.

Tomohisa Hattori1

  • 1Tsumura & Co., Tsumura Research Laboratories, 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi Inashiki-gun, 300-1192 Ibaraki, Japan.

International Journal of Peptides
|August 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Rikkunshito, a Japanese herbal medicine, effectively treats gastrointestinal issues like dyspepsia and chemotherapy-induced anorexia by increasing ghrelin levels. This traditional medicine offers a new strategy for improving upper gastrointestinal dysfunction.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Traditional Japanese Medicine

Background:

  • Rikkunshito is a widely prescribed Japanese herbal medicine for gastrointestinal disorders.
  • Studies indicate rikkunshito improves gastric emptying and protects gastric mucosa.
  • It shows efficacy in managing chemotherapy-induced anorexia and vomiting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism of rikkunshito in alleviating gastrointestinal disorders, particularly those induced by anticancer agents.
  • To explore rikkunshito's role in treating anorexia and upper gastrointestinal dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical studies and animal models were used to assess rikkunshito's effects.
  • Investigated rikkunshito's impact on gastric emptying, mucosal injury, and symptoms like nausea and anorexia.

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Mixed Primary Cultures of Murine Small Intestine Intended for the Study of Gut Hormone Secretion and Live Cell Imaging of Enteroendocrine Cells

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood
11:36

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood

Published on: April 28, 2016

Body Composition and Metabolic Caging Analysis in High Fat Fed Mice
10:28

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Mixed Primary Cultures of Murine Small Intestine Intended for the Study of Gut Hormone Secretion and Live Cell Imaging of Enteroendocrine Cells
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Mixed Primary Cultures of Murine Small Intestine Intended for the Study of Gut Hormone Secretion and Live Cell Imaging of Enteroendocrine Cells

Published on: April 20, 2017

  • Examined the role of circulating ghrelin concentration in rikkunshito's therapeutic effects.
  • Main Results:

    • Rikkunshito significantly improved dysmotility-like dyspepsia and upper gastric symptoms in a double-blind study.
    • Animal studies demonstrated enhanced gastric emptying and mucosal protection with rikkunshito.
    • Rikkunshito ameliorated cisplatin-induced anorexia by increasing ghrelin levels and reversed SSRI-induced decreased gut contractions via ghrelin.

    Conclusions:

    • Rikkunshito effectively alleviates various gastrointestinal disorders, including chemotherapy-induced anorexia and dyspepsia.
    • The mechanism involves enhancing circulating ghrelin concentration, which impacts gastric motility.
    • Rikkunshito presents a promising therapeutic strategy for anorexia and upper gastrointestinal dysfunction.