Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase Changes01:19

Phase Changes

Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
A substance melts or freezes at a temperature called its melting point and boils or condenses at its boiling point. These temperatures depend on pressure. High pressure favors the denser form of the substance, so typically, high pressure...
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to occupy...
Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
Fault Types01:18

Fault Types

When analyzing a single line-to-ground fault from phase A to ground at a three-phase bus, it is important to consider the fault impedance. This impedance is zero for a bolted fault, equal to the arc impedance for an arcing fault, and represents the total fault impedance for a transmission-line insulator flashover. To derive sequence and phase currents, fault conditions are translated from the phase domain to the sequence domain.
For line-to-line faults occurring between phases B and C, the...
Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
Phase Diagram01:24

Phase Diagram

A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. It shows the boundaries between solid, liquid, and gas phases and the conditions at which these phases coexist in equilibrium. An area in a phase diagram represents a single phase, whereas lines or phase boundaries represent the equilibrium between two phases.In the phase diagram of water, the boundary line between the solid and liquid states illustrates...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lampyridae (Coleoptera): A plethora of mollicute associations.

Microbial ecology·2013
Same author

Evaluation of r(o) for propagation down through the atmosphere: correction 2.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Evaluation of r(omicron) for propagation down through the atmosphere: correction.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Nonlinear resonance scanning.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Signal Processing for a Signal with Poisson Noise: Author's Reply to Comments.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Evaluation of r(o) for Propagation Down Through the Atmosphere.

Applied optics·2010
Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
05:16

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure

Published on: June 10, 2025

Branch cuts in the phase function.

D L Fried, J L Vaughn

    Applied Optics
    |August 21, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    When a scalar field

    More Related Videos

    Biocytin Recovery and 3D Reconstructions of Filled Hippocampal CA2 Interneurons
    11:21

    Biocytin Recovery and 3D Reconstructions of Filled Hippocampal CA2 Interneurons

    Published on: November 20, 2018

    Alignment of Synchronized Time-Series Data Using the Characterizing Loss of Cell Cycle Synchrony Model for Cross-Experiment Comparisons
    07:59

    Alignment of Synchronized Time-Series Data Using the Characterizing Loss of Cell Cycle Synchrony Model for Cross-Experiment Comparisons

    Published on: June 9, 2023

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

    Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
    05:16

    Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure

    Published on: June 10, 2025

    Biocytin Recovery and 3D Reconstructions of Filled Hippocampal CA2 Interneurons
    11:21

    Biocytin Recovery and 3D Reconstructions of Filled Hippocampal CA2 Interneurons

    Published on: November 20, 2018

    Alignment of Synchronized Time-Series Data Using the Characterizing Loss of Cell Cycle Synchrony Model for Cross-Experiment Comparisons
    07:59

    Alignment of Synchronized Time-Series Data Using the Characterizing Loss of Cell Cycle Synchrony Model for Cross-Experiment Comparisons

    Published on: June 9, 2023

    Area of Science:

    • Wave optics
    • Computational physics

    Background:

    • Scalar wave function propagation
    • Phase and intensity patterns
    • Branch points and cuts

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Investigate unavoidable discontinuities in phase functions
    • Analyze the origin of branch points in scalar fields
    • Explore implications for adaptive optics

    Main Methods:

    • Analytical proof of phase discontinuities
    • Computer-wave optics propagation simulations
    • Numerical analysis of branch cut positioning

    Main Results:

    • Scalar field nulls correspond to phase function branch points
    • Unavoidable 2π discontinuities across branch cuts
    • Branch cuts can be positioned at intensity minima

    Conclusions:

    • Branch points and 2π discontinuities are inherent in distorted wave functions
    • Strategic placement of branch cuts minimizes physical impact
    • Algorithm developed for automatic branch cut localization and phase calculation