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Related Concept Videos

History of Microbiology01:28

History of Microbiology

Microbiology, a scientific field dedicated to the study of microorganisms, has undergone profound development since its inception in the 17th century. Its history is marked by key discoveries and technological advancements that have shaped our understanding of life at the microscopic level and transformed medicine, agriculture, and industry.Early Foundations of MicrobiologyThe early foundations of microbiology were built on groundbreaking observations and the development of pioneering...
Mouse Models of Cancer Study02:43

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...
Evolution of New Traits in Microbes01:24

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Microorganisms evolve rapidly due to their large population sizes and short generation times, often exhibiting measurable changes within days under laboratory conditions. Natural selection acts on standing genetic variation, enabling the retention and amplification of beneficial traits that confer fitness advantages in changing environments.Adaptive Pigment Regulation in RhodobacterIn Rhodobacter, a genus of purple non-sulfur bacteria, light-harvesting pigments such as bacteriochlorophyll and...
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
What is Evolutionary History?02:35

What is Evolutionary History?

Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.Phylogenetic trees illustrate the evolutionary relationships among these organisms. Scientists infer organisms’ common ancestry by evaluating shared morphological and genetic characteristics. Together, the fossil...
Applications of Molecular Taxonomy01:20

Applications of Molecular Taxonomy

Molecular taxonomy has revolutionized the understanding and classification of bacteria, providing precise insights into their diversity, evolutionary relationships, and ecological roles. By utilizing molecular techniques such as DNA sequencing and fingerprinting, researchers have made significant strides in various fields related to bacterial studies.Resolving Taxonomic AmbiguitiesMolecular taxonomy has been instrumental in distinguishing closely related bacterial species initially thought to...

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Using Caenorhabditis elegans for Studying Trans- and Multi-Generational Effects of Toxicants
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Published on: July 29, 2019

Model organisms--A historical perspective.

Bruno Müller1, Ueli Grossniklaus

  • 1Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. bmueller@access.uzh.ch

Journal of Proteomics
|August 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Model organisms like E. coli and yeast are crucial for understanding heredity and development. Studying these selected species reveals fundamental biological principles across diverse life forms.

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In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio
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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Fundamental biological knowledge, including heredity, development, and physiology, often stems from research on specific model organisms.
  • Studying a select group of organisms amenable to experimental investigation allows for the extraction of shared biological principles despite life's diversity.

Observation:

  • Key model organisms such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), Drosophila melanogaster (Drosophila), Xenopus, zebrafish, mouse, maize, and Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) have been instrumental in biological research.
  • These organisms were chosen for their significance and extensive use in scientific studies, making them ideal for comprehensive, genome-wide investigations.

Findings:

  • The early sequencing of many model organism genomes has provided invaluable resources for biological research.
  • This genomic data has unlocked new avenues for large-scale transcriptomics and proteomics studies, advancing our understanding of cellular and molecular processes.

Implications:

  • Model organism research continues to be a cornerstone for deciphering complex biological systems.
  • Advancements in genomics and associated 'omics' technologies applied to model organisms accelerate discoveries in fundamental biology and disease mechanisms.