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[Malaria and surgery: which prophylaxis?].

M Vitris1, G Fadat, J Moyroud

  • 1Département Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Yaoundé, Cameroun.

Medecine Tropicale : Revue Du Corps De Sante Colonial
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
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Systematic malaria chemoprophylaxis using quinine in general surgery patients may be beneficial. Pre-operative screening for Plasmodium falciparum and subsequent quinine treatment is suggested for endemic areas.

Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Surgical Prophylaxis

Background:

  • Malaria remains a significant health concern in endemic regions.
  • Peri-operative malaria can complicate surgical outcomes.
  • The role of chemoprophylaxis in surgical patients requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of systematic malaria chemoprophylaxis during the peri-operative period in general surgery.
  • To assess the impact of quinine chemoprophylaxis on malaria incidence and severity in surgical patients.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled study involving 61 general surgery patients at the University Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon.
  • Patients were allocated to receive either quinine chemoprophylaxis or no chemoprophylaxis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Clinical and parasitological monitoring was conducted throughout the peri-operative phase.

    • Main Results:

    • Malaria occurred primarily in patients with pre-operative Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia.
    • Malaria attacks were more frequent and severe in the group without quinine chemoprophylaxis.
    • No malaria attacks were observed in patients with a negative pre-operative thick smear in either group.

    Conclusions:

    • Pre-operative screening for Plasmodium falciparum is recommended for all surgical patients in malaria-endemic areas.
    • Quinine chemoprophylaxis may be considered for patients testing positive pre-operatively, particularly in urban endemic zones.
    • Systematic chemoprophylaxis may reduce the incidence and severity of peri-operative malaria in surgical settings.