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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network
11:02

Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network

Published on: December 28, 2010

Stimulus-free thoughts induce differential activation in the human default network.

Son Preminger1, Tal Harmelech, Rafael Malach

  • 1Neurobiology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Neuroimage
|August 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The default network

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • The function of the default network, a brain region network active during rest, remains debated.
  • It is unclear if its activity is driven by external stimuli or internal thought content.
  • Understanding the default network is crucial for comprehending brain function during rest and internal thought.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether stimulus-free thoughts can modulate default network activation.
  • To determine the role of thought content in default network specialization.
  • To introduce a novel experimental paradigm for studying the default network.

Main Methods:

  • Eliciting sustained, stimulus-free thoughts using brief auditory cues.
  • Measuring sustained brain activations (40s) during these stimulus-free conditions.

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  • Analyzing default network activity modulation based on different types of stimulus-free thought content.

    • Main Results:

    • Sustained brain activations were observed during stimulus-free thought conditions, outlasting the initial cue.
    • Default network activity was significantly modulated by the content of stimulus-free thoughts.
    • Volitional-prospection thoughts preferentially activated the default network compared to other thought types.
    • Several default network regions showed sustained above-rest activation during volitional-prospection.

    Conclusions:

    • Default network activation is modulated by thought content, even without external stimuli.
    • This modulation highlights the importance of internal thought processes in default network specialization.
    • The findings support the idea that intrinsically oriented processing is a core function of the default network.
    • The study introduces a new stimulus-free experimental method for default network research.