Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the brain can only use...
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can have a...
Timing and Consequences on Behavior01:08

Timing and Consequences on Behavior

In operant conditioning, the timing of reinforcement is crucial. For animals like rats and cats, immediate reinforcement (within a few seconds) is much more effective than delayed reinforcement. For example, a food reward for a rat needs to follow within 30 seconds of pressing a bar to be effective. 
Humans, however, can respond to delayed reinforcers. We often make decisions between immediate small rewards and delayed larger rewards. This ability to delay gratification is a significant factor...
First Impression01:09

First Impression

First impressions play a crucial role in social perception, shaping how individuals assess others in professional, academic, and interpersonal contexts. Psychological research highlights the significance of cognitive biases, such as the primacy and recency effects, which influence how people interpret and recall information.The Primacy Effect and Cognitive AnchoringThe primacy effect describes the tendency for initial information to impact judgment disproportionately. When individuals encounter...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Peptide Inhibitor of Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3 Interaction with Fibrinogen-like Protein 1 Synergizes with Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Blockade to Restore T Cell Activity and Inhibit Tumor Growth.

Biomaterials research·2026
Same author

Mesothelin-Binding Peptide Inhibits Cell Migration and Enables Targeted Delivery of a Mitochondrial-Membrane-Damaging Peptide to Pancreatic Tumors.

Biomaterials research·2026
Same author

PD-L1/Lag3 Bispecific Immune Checkpoint Blocking Nanocage Exhibits Potent Antitumor Activity beyond Dual Blockade of PD-L1 and Lag3.

Biomaterials research·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "Efficient (S)-acetoin production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by modulating α-acetolactate decarboxylase stereospecificity". [Bioresource Technol. 434 (2025) 132767].

Bioresource technology·2026
Same author

Temporal and Spatial Scales of Human Resting-State Cortical Activity across the Lifespan.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2025
Same author

Diabetes Belt has lower efficiency in providing diabetes preventive care than surrounding counties.

Health services & outcomes research methodology·2025
Same journal

Impact of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation-Induced Electric Fields on Slowing Cognitive Decline in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Remitted Major Depressive Disorder: An Analysis of the PACt-MD Randomized Clinical Trial.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Remembering Jon-Kar Zubieta, M.D., Ph.D.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Kappa opioid receptor availability in borderline personality disorder: An in-vivo investigation with [<sup>11</sup>C]EKAP PET imaging.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same journal

From Satiety to Substance Use: Neural Mechanisms of GLP-1 Signaling in Appetite and Reward.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Distinct and Shared Molecular Mechanisms Underlie Morphological-Functional Overcoupling and Undercoupling in Major Depressive Disorder.

Biological psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Dynamic Brain States With Cannabis Intoxication: Beyond "More Is Better" in Interpreting Brain Connectivity.

Biological psychiatry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
09:12

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats

Published on: March 17, 2019

Prefrontal cortex and impulsive decision making.

Soyoun Kim1, Daeyeol Lee

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.

Biological Psychiatry
|August 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Impulsivity involves suboptimal decision-making across various behaviors. Failures in optimal decision-making computations, particularly involving the prefrontal cortex, underlie these impulsive actions.

More Related Videos

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
07:07

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Published on: June 5, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
09:12

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats

Published on: March 17, 2019

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
07:07

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Published on: June 5, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Impulsivity encompasses diverse behaviors, including intertemporal choice and motor control deficits.
  • These behaviors often involve suboptimal temporal decision-making and failures in inhibiting automatic responses.
  • The prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia are crucial for regulating impulsive actions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the computational basis of optimal decision-making.
  • To explore how failures in these computations lead to impulsive behaviors.
  • To review neuroimaging and single-neuron findings on the neural mechanisms of impulsivity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of computational models of decision-making.
  • Synthesis of findings from neuroimaging studies (e.g., fMRI).
  • Analysis of single-neuron recording data in relevant brain regions.

Main Results:

  • Optimal decision-making relies on specific computational processes.
  • Failures in these computations are linked to various forms of impulsivity.
  • Neuroscientific studies reveal key roles for the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding impulsivity requires integrating economics, psychology, and neuroscience.
  • Deficits in decision-making computations are central to impulsive behaviors.
  • Further research on neural mechanisms can inform interventions for impulsivity.