Steady-state design of horizontal systems for liquids addition at bioreactor landfills

The key parameters for designing a horizontal source (horizontal trenches, infiltration ponds, infiltration galleries or blankets) for steady state are the rate liquids can be added to the source, the lateral and vertical extents of the zone of impact of the source, and the liquids volume needed to wet the waste within the zone of impact at steady state. This paper presents charts that a designer can use to estimate these key parameters as functions of source dimensions, injection pressure, and municipal solid waste properties (porosity, hydraulic conductivity, and anisotropy) for designing a new or analyzing an existing horizontal source system for liquids addition to landfilled waste. SEEP/W was used to model liquids flow from a horizontal source in a range of conditions practically encountered for such systems. The governing equation (Richard's equation) and the boundary conditions were analyzed to formulate dimensionless variables by normalizing the design parameters (flow rate, injection pressure, the lateral zone of impact, injection pressure, and the added liquids volume) with the waste properties and source dimensions. The simulation results were transformed to the respective dimensionless forms and presented in design charts to estimate the key design parameters as functions of the source dimensions, waste properties, and injection pressure. The presentation of the modeling results in the dimensionless form facilitates their use beyond the conditions modeled. A solved example is presented to demonstrate the use of the design charts. The approach presented in the paper should be considered as approximate and designers should use their judgement and experience when using these charts for designing a horizontal liquids addition system for a specific site.